Mole Mayhem- European Mole

Latin name: Talpa europaea

Image result for european mole
Photograph by Mick E. Talbot


With molehills a common and familiar site whilst strolling through the British countryside, the same cannot be said for its creator. An underground dweller and burrower, the European mole's subterranean lifestyle ensures that it is an unusual sight for a person to see.

Moles have a reputation for being voracious predators,  reportedly consuming anything from mice to maggots, although they have an apparent preference for earthworms above anything else. Such is their appetite, moles often eat approximately half its body weight every 24 hours or so, utilising their exceptional sense of hearing and touch to navigate and locate prey.

In terms of appearance, moles tend to measure approximately 16cm and weigh up to 130g, with females usually smaller than males. Fur is normally black, brown or grey although white haired moles are not out the question. Moles are often mistakenly labelled as blind. Although their vision is not terrific, they do have photopic vision. This is sensed by regressed eyes on the front of the head, often covered in fur and small in appearance.

Equipped with powerful forelimbs, Moles can navigate and tunnel their way through the soil brilliantly. This is achieved largely thanks to their large circular hands coupled with spade-like claws and fine, sensory hairs. Temporary tunnels are constructed as well as more permanent ones, with some containing storage and nesting chambers. A moles claws and forelimbs also act as life-saving paddles for swimming, acting as a pair of oars if the need arises.

Moles are active all year round and do not enter periods of prolonged hibernation. They cycle their productiveness by periods of activity and of rest. The insectivore only ever surfaces if it requires nest materials or if it is in search of water during drought.

Mating season occurs in springtime and takes place over a relatively short period of time, usually for a couple of weeks over the months of March and April. This is followed by a short gestation period spanning 4-5 weeks, meaning that most births usually take place at the beginning of May. The litter numbers from about 2-7 young. By the end of June the young must leave their mother's tunnels and establish and construct their own.







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